What Is Digital Literacy - 2169 Words

What is Digital Literacy? Digital literacy is being able to use judgement to decide what digital skills are most effective to evaluate, analyze, share, and create content.People often interchange digital skills with digital technology and while they are not wrong, digital skills is only a part of being digitally literate. Two of the same concept, both are needed to successfully use technology to our benefit. Digital skills consists of what online technologies you are using and how you are accessing it (i.e. phone, laptop, tablet,), while literacy focuses on the reasoning for picking the technology you are using and for who. For example, a skill is being able to navigate through email, twitter, and facebook. While digital literacy is deciding which platform to use in order to spread awareness for a campaign that you are involved with. You need to examine your skills and think about which platforms you are comfortable using, the message behind the campaign, your audience, and how much information you feel comf ortable sharing online. Another example is when students research. A skill is being able to use a search engine or an online database, while digital literacy will allow a person to analyze and evaluate a source to see if it is credible or if it is relevant and will support whatever it is they are researching. Reading literacy is reasoning and putting in context information the words that you read off a paper, it’s reading with meaning. Digital literacy is the same thingShow MoreRelatedDigital Literacy Is A Continuous Learning Process785 Words   |  4 Pagesmore confident in my 21st Century skills, I must commit my way of learning to that of a digital native. Technology and its intricacies must become so ingrained in my daily routine that it becomes natural. Digital literacy is a continual learning process. Knowing this, I must be willing to adapt and change my way of teaching from 20th Century skills to 21st Century skills. New Definition of Literacy â€Å"Literacy has expanded from the notions of reading and writing to include the ability to learn andRead MoreInformation Literacy And Digital Literacy1473 Words   |  6 PagesInformation and digital literacy play vital roles in our society and are necessary tools for citizens to have in this growing information age. Information literacy is â€Å"the ability to recognize the extent and nature of an information need, then to locate, evaluate, and effectively use the needed information.† (â€Å"Information Literacy Definition†, n.d.) Digital literacy is â€Å"the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share, and create content using information technologies and the Internet.† (â€Å"What is Digital LiteracyRead MoreThe Digital Of Digital Literacy Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesContext Digital literacy has been an ever steady presence in today’s society. It is time to bring digital literacy into mainstream America. It is no longer acceptable to wave aside the need for computer literacy; people more than ever need the ability to access information that can benefit them in an array of ways. In order for adults to have the ability to obtain valuable resources and services that they might be able to access, engage in critical thought involving everyday issues such as shoppingRead MoreThe Digital Divide Of The First Grade School Children954 Words   |  4 PagesGena Wade - CIS 105 -11520 The Digital Divide in Norwegian 10th grade school children LEARNING OBJECTIVES: The objective is to explore students’ digital information literacy, and the factors that predict students’ ability to use ICT (information and communications technology) in school. Focus is on factors that explain the differences in students’ ICT literacy. In Norway, urban students’ with minority cultural backgrounds are more prone to digital divides than students from affluent groups. InRead MoreA Study of Digital Literacy in a Marginalised Community1110 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding of the digital and computing skills which is beneficial for higher education. Current as well in future, most of the new jobs will require excellent digital skills and work will be based only on the digital world, improving digital literacy is an essential part of the higher education and training.Courses either full or part time will help the young learners to learn the subjects in the digital world enable students to gain the skills and confiden ce they need to use digital technology notRead MoreDigital Literacy Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Digital Literacy ENG122: English Composition II Angela Temple January 20, 2014 In today’s world it is a requirement to be digitally literate in order to be able to function in a capacity that enables one to be more successful whether it is at home, school, at our jobs or even looking for a job. Over the last few decades our environment has evolved into a digital environment. Being or becoming digitally literate is essential in being successfulRead MoreThe Term â€Å"New Literacy† Encompasses Such An Extensive Range1044 Words   |  5 PagesThe term â€Å"new literacy† encompasses such an extensive range of topics that it has been difficult to clearly define and articulate. There are several important aspects to new literacy. At its most basic level, new literacy is the ability to read, comprehend, and write within the digital sphere (Kingsley Tancock, 2014). It is similar to traditional literacy in some ways; however, new literacies typically require a more complicated and intricate skill set than traditional literacy (Coiro, 2011) . AlsoRead MoreLiteracy Debate : Online, R U Really Reading?826 Words   |  4 Pagesresponse to Mitoko Rich, â€Å"Literacy Debate – Online, R U Really Reading?† In the 21st century, children are learning via many different sources, whether through textbooks, internet, blogs, etc. Therefore, it was not surprising to read what was mentioned in this article. Reading in the digital age is causing a debate, especially in regards to students. After reading the article, I began to wonder; is it possible that digital text can cause more harm than good? Can digital text take away the value ofRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography of Articles Related to Media Literacy902 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Boske, C., and McCormack, S. (2011). Building an understanding of the role of media literacy for Latino/a high school students. High School Journal 94(4), pp. 167-186. In a qualitative study of a small group of Latino/a high school students, the researchers found that students perceived negative cultural messages in media they were asked to watch. The messages were not obvious to the teachers who selected the media and who were not part of this ethnic group. The study serves as a cautionaryRead MoreThe Importance Of Literacy748 Words   |  3 PagesTaylor Ellwood once said â€Å"Literacy isnt just about reading, writing, and comprehension. Its about culture, professionalism, and social outlook.† Some might say that this is absurd or untrue but in a world of learning and knowledge literacy is necessary to the advancement of humanity. Merriam Webster defines â€Å"literate† as the ability to be able to read and write text. This though is not elaborate enough to help readers understand the true complexity of the word. Literacy is much more elaborate than

Dangers Of Peer Pressure On Girls - 1345 Words

Dangers of Peer Pressure on Girls As a little girl I had much confidence about myself and felt I looked the best from my school as well as many other girls from my school. Nowadays, many girls are pressured into being perfect in a way they feel they will never accomplish. Little girls such as ten year olds have started to show low self-esteem and hate to their body image because of the models that are being constantly promoted. As 10TV stated, â€Å"When you were 10 or 11, you probably didn’t give much thought to body image. Today, kids that age are worried more about looking like Barbie than playing Barbie.† Girls are punishing themselves with cutting, going on extreme diets, and often kill themselves because they hate themselves. Girls are also seen wearing makeup at a young age to improve their facial features and think they will now finally be accepted in society as being perfect. A recent Mintel survey showed that six out of ten seven-year-olds wear lipstick, and two in five use eyeshadows. (â€Å"Pretty-Pressure: Girls-it pays to be pretty, but not too pretty.†) So even though social media is showing off beautiful women to give good advertisement, girls are being affected by constantly feeling down and wanting to fit into society and be accepted and seen as perfect, they hate themselves for not being pretty enough as celebrities that have gone through many surgeries to get that perfect image, and some cases have led to issues such as depression, cutting, eating problem, andShow MoreRelatedAdvantages and Disadvantages of Conformyit1528 Words   |  7 PagesNew Zealand Oxford dictionary defines conformity as accordance with established practise and agreement suitability. Conformity comes with many advantages and disadvantages. Conformity exists so people don’t feel left out. It also comes with many dangers such as losing your logic and forgetting whether what you’re doing is good or bad. An advantage of conformity is feeling that you’re not alone. You feel accepted and a part of a group where will nobody will judge you. An example of this is AdolfRead MoreA Brief Note On Peer Pressure Among Adolescents1527 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: Social Pressure in Those Who Are Different Peer pressure is exerted on an individual or individuals by their peer to conform to expected norms. The peer pressure philosophically can split into two groups Direct and Indirect. Direct implies the peer pressure influence can be either physically or verbally communicative such as asking to participate in an activity which is illegal. Indirect specify it is discrete, including more emotional and mental pressures; such as putting the individualRead MoreNew York : Meredith Books1185 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Strategies to Prevent and Heal the Mental Anguish Caused by Cyberbullying†. Middle School Journal 39.4 (2008): 30–35. The purpose of this article is to enlighten teachers, school administrators, and school counsellors about this new technological danger, describing the warning signs to help recognize both victims and perpetrators, and detail school-and home –based strategies for preventing cyberbullying and healing those affected by the phenomenon. 3. Subrahmanyam, Kaveri, and Patricia GreenfieldRead MoreEssay on Lagan786 Words   |  4 Pagessentences and list the three major points that fit under each topic sentence. Give two examples of transitional sentences. Peer Pressure We often hear about the dangers of peer pressure to teenagers. Teenagers take drugs, skip school, get drunk, or have sex because their friends do these things. However, there is another—perhaps equally bad—effect of peer pressure. Desperate to conform to their friends’ values, teens may give up their interests in school, in hobbies, and even in certain peopleRead MoreAntidepressants for Teens: To Be or Not To Be? Essay1546 Words   |  7 Pagesshould not be considered an effective treatment to cure depression due to the side effects, risk of addiction, and increase thoughts of suicide. â€Å"Teen depression is a serious condition that affects emotions, thoughts and behaviors. Issues such as peer pressure, academic expectations, and changing bodies can bring a lot of ups and downs for teens† (Mayo Clinic). Depression does not discriminate; no matter what race, gender, or religion, depression can turn a person’s life upside down if they do not handle Read MoreStress And The Lgbt Teenager1738 Words   |  7 Pagesteenage girl. But, if you are a lesbian teenage adolescent, everything gets even more difficult and can lead to problems including stress, anxiety, depression and even suicide. The teen years represent a time when children begin to discover who they are. They acknowledge their social, personal, and sexual identities. In many cases, a student will not seek help, suffering in silence and feel more pressure. Many gay youths feel guilty about their sexuality and painfully different from their peers; theyRead MoreYoung People ´s Sexuality and Sexting1436 Words   |  6 Pagesanother option in case they feel uncomfortable having sex, second, they can control what the other person sees of their body and how much, third there are no sexual consequences such as getting STD’s or getting pregnant and fourth they might have been peer pressured into committing the act. Although there may not be sexual consequences associated with sexting there are legal and personal consequences. When a person hits send they have no control over who sees the text or what happens to the text. IfRead MoreSexual And : Sexual Education1151 Words   |  5 Pageseducate their child themselves about the dangers of sex. Parents fear what the schools are teaching their child, and fear that they will become â€Å"more accepting of sexual behavior† (Lenth). Another fear is that the classes will make student s believe that all teens have sex, peer pressuring them into having sex to not be the odd one out among their peers, peer pressure promotes sex as normal but not as abnormal. (Lenth). With the idea that schools peer pressure students into having sex, the next argumentRead MoreSociety s Affect On Body Image1096 Words   |  5 Pagesaffect on â€Å"Body Image† â€Å"Body image† can be defined as the way someone perceives their body and assumes that’s how others perceive them. The concept of body image can be seen as a great concern, from society’s affects through the media, social and peer pressure, to health issues and the actions taken due to body image shaming. Over time, the â€Å"ideal† body image has evolved into an idea that is simply unrealistic and unattainable. The standards for beauty has never been consistent and has always had constantRead MoreWild and Rebellious Adolescence1601 Words   |  7 Pages The movie thirteen is a raw psychodrama directed by Catherine Hardwicke is based on the life of a young teenage girl, Tracy Freeland whom catapults from pre adolescence/childhood to a wild and rebellious thirteen year old girl. Filmed in Los Angeles, Tracey and her mother’s relationship are put to the test when she befriends Evie. Evie is a popular girl from junior high school who introduces her to the world of sex, drugs and self-mutilation. We see a physical and psychological change in Tracey

The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill Free Essays

The Role of Group Work In Enhancing Speaking Skill In Primary Level The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill in Primary Level Effective language skills are essential for children to access the curriculum. In the classroom, spoken language is the primary medium through which teachers teach and children learn. In developing their speaking skills, children need to learn to adapt their talk to the listeners; use a range of ways to express themselves; use talk to clarify their ideas and sustain their talk to develop thinking and reasoning. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is expected that when children start primary school, they will be able to understand much of what is said, express themselves clearly, share their feelings and make their needs known. This level of proficiency in speech, language and communication is critical to the development of a child’s cognitive, social and emotional well-being. Speaking should include putting thoughts into words and sharing in groups; taking opportunities to speak at some length to explain ideas in different situations; giving a talk or presentation using gestures, aids and rhetorical devices. This paper will explore the different types of group work and its mechanism of enhancing the speaking skill in the primary level. This will be done through reviewing different research made in this field. The purpose of this paper is to look closely at the importance of group work in the early stages to enhance the speaking skill of students. Group Group work is a very important part of our culture and life; and businesses now look at team work skills when evaluating any employee. Therefore, it is important for both, students and teachers, to learn to function in a group work environment. Research indicates that students learn the tasks better through involving oral interaction, in group, which is based on a real attempt to find a collective solution to problems. We chose to explore this area to find out if group work serves as a meaningful activity for students to focus on meaningful negotiation and information exchange. We are very much concerned with getting students to talk and to stimulate their interest and imagination. Since group work can improve learning and is a much needed skill in enhancing speaking skill, it should be exercised regularly in the classroom. Annotated Bibliography: The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill in Primary Level Baines, E. , Kutnick, P. , Blatchford, P. (2009). Promoting effective group work in the primary classroom: a handbook for teachers and practitioners. USA and Canada: Routledge. This handbook explores how pupil group work can be made more effective in support of children’s learning. It is based on a research study, known as the Social Pedagogic Research into Group work (SPRinG), which developed and evaluated a new approach to group work in primary schools. Boussiada, S. (2010). Enhancing students’ oral proficiency through cooperative group work: the case of 3rd year LMD students of English at Constantine University. Master’s Thesis, University of Constantine, Algeria. In her study, Boussiada explores the effects of cooperative group work on improving learners’ oral proficiency and communicative skills. She is mainly concerned with making use of pair or small group to maximize learners? oral production. She also attempts to shed some light on the importance of establishing a relaxed and friendly environment as an attempt to get learners to use the language. Lee, W. (2008). Speech, language and communication needs and primary school-aged children. I Can Talk Series, Issue 6, 13-18. Retrieved March 21, 2012, from http:// www. ican. org. uk/~/media/Ican2/Whats%20the%20Issue/Evidence/6%20Speech%20%20Language%20and%20Communication%20Needs%20and%20Primary%20School%20aged%20Children. ashx This report outlines the nature and extent of Speech, Language and Communication Needs (SLCN) in primary schools, what this means for children and their families and what can be done to ensure primary school is a positive, enriching experience for children with SLCN. Richards, J. (2008). Teaching listening and speaking: from theory to practice. NY: Cambridge University Press. Richards explores approaches to the teaching of listening and speaking which have undergone considerable changes in recent years, and their implications for classroom teaching and materials design. His goal is to examine what applied linguistics research and theory says about the nature of listening and speaking skills, and then to explore what the implications are for classroom teaching Jones, L. (2007). The student-centered classroom. NY: Cambridge University Press. How to cite The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill, Essay examples

International HRM Function & Organizational Strategy Free Sample

Question: Discuss about theInternational HRM Function and Organizational Strategy. Answer: Introduction International Human Resource Management is a set of activities which aims in managing organizational human resources for achieving the organizational objectives at an international level to gain a competitive advantage over other competitors. It basically means to manage human resource of Multinational Companies. The HRM functions are recruitment, training and development, selection and performance appraisal. It is a process of procuring and effectively utilizing the human resource in a corporation. The human resource managers in this context have to integrate the human resource policies and practices across many subsidiaries spread in various countries as to achieve organizational goals. Human Resource policies aims to manage the geographical dispersed forces to leverage the HR resource so achieve both local and international competitive advantage (Briscoe, D, Schuler, R Claus, L, 2008). The main objective of international human resource management is to create a local appeal by not compromising with its global identity, to generate awareness regarding the cross cultural issues among the global managers and to hire staffs in all the geographical boundaries. The role of human resource management is to ensure HRM policies to support the strategy, control and structure of the firm. IHRM objects to reduce the risk associated with international human resource, to avoid regional disparities, to handle diversified human capital and to avoid cultural risk. The main complexity faced while integrating international human resource in an organization is that the main operations of the MNC units has diversified national contexts (Harzing, A Pinnington, A, 2014). Human resource experts have become generalist as the companies are becoming more international. Much attention is given to achieve common goals of the organization rather than focusing in the day to day activities related to the business. The company aims at achieving competitive advantage over their competitors by increasing profitability and economic growth. It is the duty of the HR Manager to hire skilled and experienced employees, to maintain discipline, to control health related issues and resolve employee conflicts. Business ethics should be given a due consideration and it is usually a job of business owner or manager to maintain ethical standards in a workplace (Ingram, D, 2016). The human resource management has to deal with such ethical issues in the department; they have numerous pitfalls which can influence the financial sustainability and reputation of the company. Whether it is a local start-up or a global powerhouse it is important to maintain ethical standards and values in business practices and policies by the managers and employees. When breach of ethics takes place it often results into a terrible situation and causes legal problems in the organization. In current business situation, legal trouble can cause an additional challenge for the company (Rowley, C Warner, M, 2013). It is totally wrong to design unfair employment policies that can directly cause harm to the reputation of the company. When the company is able to gain reputation for maintaining ethical values, employees will start feeling motivated and a good business relationship can be followed between the employees and employers. Treating employees ethically will generate trust and loyalty towards the company by the employees. Hence this to increase in productivity and ultimately will increase the profitability of the business. Having loyal employees is a competitive advantage that a company can enjoy as it is very difficult to receive loyalty and trust from the employees working in a company. Loyal employees act as champions for the product of the c ompany, they purchase a product from the company and spread its benefits to the world by making word of mouth advertising to family and acquaintances. Maintaining ethics is not sufficient it should also be promoted. A solid reputation does not occur on its own, business owners organize comprehensive ethics programs and make commitments to ethics in each area and activities concerning business. Mutual respect and dignity among the employees will help the company to accomplish common goals of the concerned business. The main challenge in IHRM is the high failure rates of expatriation and repatriation. An expatriate is a person, who is living in a country and has a citizenship of another country, temporarily or for some work reason. Repatriation is a process in which the person returns to his place of origin, voluntarily or forcibly. The difficulty of repatriation is often faced by the HR Manager and; are not always allowed to act on this context. Time constraints and shortfall in budget are the main reason that it becomes difficult to resolve this problem. It is often said that the solutions to solve the problem of repatriation should not be expensive so that it can result to be a great benefit for the company. This problem can be solved if the expatriate and his family feel protected and understood by the company. Another problem is that women have to face many barriers while working overseas (Ozbilgin, M, Groutsis, D Harvey, W, 2014). It becomes very difficult for women employee to make an entry in an international market; women employees are given chance only when there is scarcity of male candidates. Cultural, economic, political, and social factors can also influence the personality traits of women in an organization. Women are in need of air-miles to bring improvement in their global career prospects, by getting a task in the very first place. Women graduates should show interest in international carrier to show their managerial capacity. The adjustment problems faced by women in global corporate has to be self solved by learning how to adjust in such environment. To expand the global market place the businesses are hiring employees from different cultural and geographical background by complying with the labour and tax laws pertaining to that region or country. Like for example in carrying out business activities in Europe it is essential to pay value added tax (Bradley, J, 2016). It is a major issue to comply with the International Laws for the under educated business owners and HR staffs as these laws are usually very complex and difficult to implement them in the business activities. Hence the HR manager should be capable enough to keep updates regarding the variations in the international laws and policies to reduce the complexity in IHRM. A salient issue involved in IHRM is to understand and maintain cultural diversity (Bono, S Van der, H, 2011). It is essential to adapt new ideas and work style of different working people and various locations coming from different background to facilitate easy communication and familiar social practices. If suppose an employee has been hired and he belongs to some other country having new ideas and cultural practices, it is beneficial to connect with his ideas to bring change and advancement in technology and experience. We know that benefits and compensation are essential for any HR strategic plan but in case if IHRM these benefits and compensation has superior significance to keep focus on the life and work of employees (Sitkin, A Bowen, N, 2013). Work life balance is important to increase the living standard of the employees and also to balance their personal and professional lives. Now days it is considered as a part of IHR, so that multinational companies can implement programs such as paternity leave, flexible working time, extended holidays and sick leaves. In some countries such laws are mandatory and has applied it on local scale to avoid such complication and challenges in global corporate. Training and professional development is related to an idea of benefits and compensation in IHRM (Kavanagh, M, Thite, M Johnson, R, 2013). Training programmes means conducting seminars and meetings to impart knowledge and skills to the employees. Language classes are also conducted to avoid language barrier in conducting international business. Extra training is allowed to employees, they are allowed to attend conferences and meetings to bring confidence and a willingness to work more effectively and efficiently. Professional development helps to enhance skills of the employees and they can do well in the global market. Human resource training plays an important role in handling the health related issues. Employees in factories lift objects repetitively and do work with hazardous chemicals that can cause a severe damage to the health of employees. Human resource manager should provide safety measures to deals with such issues. If proper safety procedure is not followed, company can be fined or can be sued. It is the responsibility of the human resource professionals to resolve the conflicts that takes place in the organization (Suttle, R, 2016). For example, if a conflict takes place between two employees that who should clean the spilled chemical. Both think that it is not their fault, so it is the duty of manager to solve such complications and conflicts (Crawley, E, Swailes, S Walsh, D, 2013). There are a number of challenges in International Human Resource Management and there are number of ways to manage these growing challenges. An effective strategic plan should be implemented by the concerned organization to resolve human resource issues. The HR Leadership Council should implement some of the following policies (Dowling, P, Festing, M Engle, A, 2008). It is advisable to implement strategic corporate change to increase productivity, quality and employee satisfaction. To motivate the employees, design and implement a compensation system (Harris, M, 2012). Develop benefit packages to measure the success, and make use of data and statistics that are appropriate to make good business decisions. To increase the contribution of human resource function, leverage of technology is important. Identification of principles to develop, conserve and utilize human resource can be very helpful in resolving human resource issues. Financial Management and budgetary skills should be dev eloped to work towards the attainment of organizational goals (Torrington, D, 1994). Organizing People, Projects and Teams in an organization can bring a change in the present working activities and can be a competitive advantage over its rival as many organizations are unaware of such strategic plans (Sparrow, P, 2010). Organization of people is a key area for management and this can be done by implementing a formal organizational chart. It will provide a defined documentation of the structure that will show the companys hierarchy, and in what ways the various departments are supposed to follow this chain of command. Effective organization of people will bring improvement in management and organizational techniques (Richards, L, 2016). The projects of an organization should be managed and organized in a proper way because the technique that will be used will define how productive it is and their impact on the cost of goods and services delivery. A deep understanding of business goals and identification of resources are essential to accomplish the job and for an effe ctive communication. Effective coordinated teams will ultimately help in organizing projects and plans in a desired manner. Therefore a single individual cannot complete the task alone. There goals and desires of the organization should be well communicated to the entire team and the selection of staff participating in the team should be according to their experience and knowledge. We can conclude by saying that if a company wants to manage their challenges and issues that occur in their human resource management it can be done through effective way of organizing their team, project and plan. Adopting Human Resource strategy which is highly concerned to achieve multiple advantages for the company and to accomplish larger missions and goals is important. The creation and evaluation of human resource policies has power to influence the strategic vision of the company. Strategic plan is mostly dependent upon the cooperation and support from the employees. There should be a direct connection between the human resource management and strategy so as to facilitate the companys executives to monitor consistently the progress and tweaking processes adopted by the company for the benefit of its employees and the company as a whole. The company should always try to keep their policies relating to salary, insurance and management according to the laws prescribed by the government for the business context to avoid issues related to illegal circumstances (Bradely, J, 2016). Company should try to develop healthy relationship with their employees to avoid government interference and cont rol. Once the government starts controlling a corporation, it becomes difficult to escape from its strict governance. References Bradley, J. (2016). International HR Issues. Viewed 28 September 2016 from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/international-hr-issues-61937.html Suttle, R. (2016). Importance of Human Resource Training. Viewed 28 September 2016 from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-human-resource-training-2551.html Richards, L. (2016). Management Organization Techniques. Viewed 28 September 2016 from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/management-organization-techniques-2890.html Bradely, J. (2016). The Advantages of the Human Resource Management Strategy. Viewed 28 September 2016 from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-human-resource-management-strategy-66417.html Dowling, P, Festing, M Engle, A. (2008). International Human Resource Management: Managing People in a Multinational Context. Cengage Learning EMEA. Harzing, A Pinnington, A. (2014). International Human Resource Management. SAGE. Briscoe, D, Schuler, R Claus, L. (2008). International Human Resource Management. Taylor Francis. Ozbilgin, M, Groutsis, D Harvey, W. (2014). International Human Resource Management. Cambridge University Press. Bono, S Van der, H. (2011). Managing Cultural Diversity. Meyer Meyer Verlag. Rowley, C Warner, M. (2013). Globalizing International Human Resource Management. Routledge. Kavanagh, M, Thite, M Johnson, R. (2013). Human Resource Information Systems: Basics, Applications, and Future Directions. SAGE Publications. Sitkin, A Bowen, N. (2013). International Business: Challenges and Choices. OUP Oxford. Crawley, E, Swailes, S Walsh, D. (2013). Introduction to International Human Resource Management. OUP Oxford. Sparrow, P. (2010). Handbook of International Human Resource Management: Integrating People, Process, and Context. John Wiley Sons. Harris, M. (2012). Handbook of Research in International Human Resource Management. Psychology Press. Torrington, D. (1994). International human resource management: think globally, act locally. Prentice Hall.